chmod Calculator
Convert Linux file modes between 755 and rwxr-xr-x, tick permissions, test changes like g+w, and see what setuid, setgid, sticky and umask do.
Type a mode the way you have it (755, 2775, rwxr-x---, or a whole ls -l
column like drwxrwsr-x), or tick the boxes, and get every other form plus what it actually lets each person do,
which is different for files and folders. Try a change like g+w,o-rwx to see exactly what chmod would do: it's
modelled on GNU chmod (Linux) and checked against it, including the umask and directory quirks that catch people out.
| Read (4) | Write (2) | Enter / search (1) | Digit | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Owner (u) | 7 | |||
| Group (g) | 5 | |||
| Others (o) | 5 | |||
| Special | 0 |
| Numeric | chmod 755 folder | |
|---|---|---|
| Symbolic | chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx folder | |
| Folder and contents | find folder -type d -exec chmod 755 {} + && find folder -type f -exec chmod 644 {} + |
chmod -R would give files the folder's execute bits too; these find commands set folders and files separately (files get read and write only).
What it allows
- The owner can list what's inside, enter it and open what's inside, create, delete and rename anything inside, even other people's files.
- Members of the group can list what's inside, enter it and open what's inside.
- Everyone else can list what's inside, enter it and open what's inside.
- Deleting or renaming a file depends on the folder's write permission, not the file's.
Try a change
What chmod would do to the mode above. Comma-separate several: u+x,g-w,o=
umask
With umask 022, new files start as 644 (rw-r--r--) and new folders as 755 (rwxr-xr-x). The umask removes bits from 666 for files and 777 for folders; it never adds execute to files. Set it with umask 022 in a shell profile.